2012

Land Use Planning

Austin Mar 21, 22-23, 2012 AT&T Conference Center
optional Wed Afternoon session
Conference Concluded

Buy

Related products: Materials

Overview

Held at the new AT&T Conference Center and Hotel, Land Use Planning provides practical and detailed coverage of the key issues, strategies, challenges, tools, and opportunities facing municipalities, counties, and developers. Topics include:

     • Bennett Sandlin, Executive Director of the Texas Municipal League, presenting Thursday’s keynote
        luncheon presentation, The Future of Texas Cities

     • Practical Advice Regarding Regulatory Takings by Kevin Maguire

     • Annexation and the ETJ presented by Scott N. Houston, Director of Legal Services at the Texas
        Municipal League

     • Drafting Good Regulations: How to Say It—a discussion of the overlapping roles of lawyers and
        non-lawyers in drafting, implementing, and interpreting land use regulations

     • Development Agreements: Basics and Beyond and Doing the Deal—a real-world discussion of
        negotiating, enforcing, and amending development agreements

     • A detailed discussion and analysis of the regulation of the oil and gas activities in Texas—practical and
        timely tools and advice

     • Practical Issues and Best Practices when Working with Boards and Commissions on Land Use

     • Water: Dealing with Drought and Limited Supplies—problems, predictions, and water resource
        alternatives

     • Ethics Jeopardy presented by Claude Ducloux

     • Getting to Yes: The Theory and Practice of Negotiation in Real Estate Deals—a developer’s application
        of various negotiating strategies in real estate transactions

In addition to the Conference, we offer Wednesday’s primer, Land Use Planning Fundamentals—ideal for beginners or experienced practitioners seeking a refresher. Register for the Conference and Fundamentals together or as standalone courses. Wednesday’s topics include:

     • Land Use Planning 101: Basic Concepts, Key Issues, and Vocabulary

     • Land Issues Involving Small Cities discussed by Dorothy Palumbo

     • Platting Basics and Zoning Fundamentals—platting and zoning overviews

     • What Planners Wish Lawyers Understood—a best practice discussion of legal issues, planning, and
        lawyers

     • Chickens, Signs, and Other Hot Topics—a brief overview of various regulatory trends and timely
        subjects

Event Schedule

Program is subject to change.
All times are Central Time Zone.

Time

Credit

Subject

Speaker
Wednesday Afternoon, Mar. 21, 2012
Presiding Officer:
Charles E. Zech, Denton, Navarro, Rocha & Bernal, P.C. - San Antonio, TX
PRE-CONFERENCE LAND USE PLANNING FUNDAMENTALS

Please select on registration form.
12:15 pm

Registration Opens

Includes light refreshments.
1:00 pm

Welcoming Remarks
Land Use Planning Fundamentals: Add to Main Conference, or Order as Standalone Course
1:15 pm

0.50 hr

Land Use Planning 101: Basic Concepts, Key Issues and Vocabulary

Are you "upzoning" or "downzoning"? Is the zoning "inclusionary" or "exclusionary"? Should you use a "vacating plat" or an "amending plat"? Learn the common vocabulary terms for zoning and platting processes. Basic concepts introduced include: the role of the zoning commission, the city council and the board of adjustments, whether decisions are discretionary or ministerial, and the applicability in the ETJ. The basis for the authority to regulate land use and subdivisions is reviewed. The various types of plats and basic zoning concepts are explained.

Julie Y. Fort, McKamie Krueger, LLP - Richardson, TX
1:45 pm

0.50 hr

What Planners Wish Lawyers Understood

Best practice discussion of legal issues, planning and lawyers.

Christopher M. Stewart, Stewart Planning Consulting, LLC - Austin, TX
Charles E. Zech, Denton, Navarro, Rocha & Bernal, P.C. - San Antonio, TX
2:15 pm

0.50 hr

Land Issues Involving Small Cities

Development planning and land use regulatory issues facing small cities in Texas are discussed.

Dorothy Palumbo, of Counsel to Bojorquez Law Firm, PLLC - Highland Village, TX
2:45 pm

0.00 hr ethics

Break
3:00 pm

0.75 hr

Platting Basics

An overview of the fundamentals of platting under state statute and local ordinance, as well as some common land use issues that often arise during the plat application process.

Arthur J. Anderson, Winstead PC - Dallas, TX
William Andrew Messer, Messer Campbell & Brady - Frisco, TX
3:45 pm

0.75 hr

Zoning Fundamentals

An overview of basic zoning concepts and procedures is discussed, along with a review of how zoning interacts with comprehensive planning.

Robert F. Brown, Brown & Hofmeister, L.L.P. - Richardson, TX
4:30 pm

0.50 hr

Aren't You Special? CUPs, PDs, PDDs, PUDs, SEs, SUPs and Other Acronym-Mystic Zoning Tools

A discussion of different site-specific zoning tools that may be used to accommodate different types of development or designated types of uses within a city.

John J. Hightower, Olson Olson LLP - Houston, TX
5:00 pm

0.50 hr

Chickens, Signs and Other Hot Topics

A brief overview of various regulatory trends and timely subjects, including poultry in residential areas, digital signs, mobile food vendors and wind turbines.

Alan J. Bojorquez, Bojorquez Law Firm, PLLC - Austin, TX
5:30 pm

Adjourn Fundamentals

Time

Credit

Subject

Speaker
Thursday Morning, Mar. 22, 2012
Presiding Officer:
Julie Y. Fort, McKamie Krueger, LLP - Richardson, TX
LAND USE PLANNING
8:00 am

Registration Opens

Includes continental breakfast.
8:50 am

Welcoming Remarks
9:00 am

0.75 hr

Practical Advice Regarding Regulatory Takings

An examination of when a local governmental regulation constitutes a substantial advancement of a legitimate government interest, and when it may rise to the level of a constitutional taking.

Kevin J. Maguire, Strasburger & Price, LLP - Dallas, TX
9:45 am

0.75 hr

Annexation and ETJ

A little of the old, a little of the new, and a little bit of a review. This presentation touches on why cities annex property, and the procedures that a city must follow to do so. Recent cases and attorney general opinions of interest are covered.

Scott N. Houston, Texas Municipal League - Austin, TX
10:30 am

Break
10:45 am

0.75 hr

Drafting Good Regulations: How to Say It

Do your regulations say what you want them to say? A discussion of the overlapping roles of lawyers and non-lawyers in drafting, implementing and interpreting land use regulations, and what that means in enforcement actions and court cases. This presentation uses examples of good and bad drafting from real cases to highlight the issues and examine whether lawyers or non-lawyers should be the drafters.

Kimberley Mickelson, Olson Olson LLP - Houston, TX
11:30 am

0.50 hr

The Definitive Guide to Special Districts

TIFs, PIDs, MMDs, MUDs, WCIDs, FWSDs and hybrid districts—how they are different and how they are being used in today's market.

Misty M. Ventura, Shupe Ventura Lindelow & Olson, PLLC - Dallas, TX
12:00 pm

Break to Pick Up Lunch

Included in conference registration fee.
Thursday Afternoon, Mar. 22, 2012
Presiding Officer:
Kimberley Mickelson, Olson Olson LLP - Houston, TX
Luncheon Presentation
12:15 pm

0.75 hr

The Future of Texas Cities

Unlike cities in most states, Texas cities get little help from the State. And that's a good thing, if we can keep it that way.

Ned Bennett Sandlin, Texas Municipal League - Austin, TX
1:00 pm

Break
1:15 pm

0.75 hr

Getting to Yes: The Theory and Practice of Negotiation in Real Estate Deals

A developer's application of various negotiating strategies in real estate transactions is discussed. Examples include landlord/tenant leases, financing and purchase/sale transactions. The most common mistake made is to simply engage in the process of haggling.

David M. Adelman, AREA Real Estate, LLC - San Antonio, TX
Douglas R. Dierking, University of Texas McCombs School of Business - Austin, TX
2:00 pm

1.00 hr

Development Agreements: Basics and Beyond

A comprehensive study of development agreements between private parties—typically developers—and municipalities, including tough questions about validity and enforceability, recent cases and legislation, platting and zoning provisions, public infrastructure costs, etc., with forms, a checklist and bibliography.

James L. Dougherty Jr., Attorney at Law - Houston, TX
Reid C. Wilson, Wilson, Cribbs & Goren, P.C. - Houston, TX
3:00 pm

Break
3:15 pm

0.75 hr

Doing the Deal

5A real-world discussion of negotiating, enforcing and amending development agreements, including economic and "business" analyses, political and public policy considerations, difficult deal points—and ideas for resolving them, tactics that usually don't work, and more.

Moderator:
James L. Dougherty Jr., Attorney at Law - Houston, TX
Panelists:
Rob Killen, Kaufman & Killen - San Antonio, TX
Panelists:
Dan Markson, The NRP Group LLC - San Antonio, TX
Panelists:
Theresa O'Donnell, City of Dallas - Dallas, TX
4:00 pm

1.00 hr ethics

Confidential Communications, Data Security and Privacy in the Cloud

Many organizations are considering moving communication, data storage and processing to the cloud. This session explores the ethical and legal issues relating to data privacy, confidentiality, and security of data and communications. The session also explores how typical vendor contracts deal with these issues and the willingness of vendors to provide indemnification for security breaches for data in the cloud. Related issues such as legal holds, pretrial discovery and open records issues are also covered in a non-technical presentation from the lawyer's perspective.

Peter Brooke Haskel, Dallas City Attorney - Dallas, TX
5:00 pm

Adjourn

Time

Credit

Subject

Speaker
Friday Morning, Mar. 23, 2012
Presiding Officer:
Terrence S. Welch, Brown & Hofmeister, L.L.P. - Richardson, TX
8:00 am

Conference Opens

Includes continental breakfast.
8:30 am

0.50 hr

Analytic and What-If Development Planning Tools — A Guide for Lawyers, Planners, and City Officials

Between 2012 and 2035, Central Texas will become home to more than a million additional residents. How we plan and design our communities in the coming years will largely determine if Central Texas retains its high quality of life. This presentation discusses the new Sustainability Analytic Tool being collaboratively developed with Central Texas communities as well as the demonstration planning projects where the new tool will be beta tested and refined.

Robert Paterson, The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture - Austin, TX
9:00 am

0.50 hr

Challenges in Urban Development

While urban development is generating new and exciting projects, many developers, planners and attorneys find themselves facing new challenges not encountered in suburban development. New regulatory challenges create situations that can affect the livability, financing and marketing of your projects. Likewise, new forms of development create new financial challenges. Lastly, urban projects act differently than suburban projects: marketing is different, demographics are often different and your marketing schemes are often dictated by regulatory and financing challenges. Look for great opportunity, but avoid the land mines.

Terry E. Mitchell, Momark Development LLC - Austin, TX
9:30 am

0.75 hr

A Critical Look at Form-Based Zoning

After the excitement subsides and the dust settles from the adoption of form-based zoning, a variety of issues face the community. Listen to a critical assessment of the benefits and problems that may result from form-based zoning, including: stakeholder education and comprehension of form-based zoning; the creation of non-conforming uses and structures; vested rights claims under Chapter 245; the certainty or uncertainty of development; false or unrealistic expectations; the loss of political support, vision and patience; the revitalization of community; and the stimulus of other growth and redevelopment.

E. Scott Polikov, Gateway Planning Group, Inc. - Fort Worth, TX
Peter Gardner Smith, Nichols, Jackson, Dillard, Hager & Smith L.L.P. - Dallas, TX
10:15 am

Break
10:30 am

1.00 hr

Regulation of Oil and Gas Land Uses in Texas and the Impact on Development

The panel examines the impact of oil and gas plays on development, regulatory approaches, recent amendments to oil, gas and pipeline ordinances, and an update on recent legislation and cases.

Moderator:
Dorothy Palumbo, of Counsel to Bojorquez Law Firm, PLLC - Highland Village, TX
Panelists:
Lowell F. Denton, Denton, Navarro, Rocha & Bernal, P.C. - San Antonio, TX
Panelists:
Melissa Deann Lindelow, Shupe Ventura Lindelow & Olson, PLLC - Fort Worth, TX
Panelists:
Terrence S. Welch, Brown & Hofmeister, L.L.P. - Richardson, TX
11:30 am

0.75 hr
0.25 hr ethics

Practical Issues and Best Practices when Working with Boards and Commissions on Land Use

Tips, pitfalls and best practices when presenting to or working with Boards and Commissions on land use planning and development matters.

E. Allen Taylor Jr., Taylor, Olson, Adkins, Sralla & Elam, L.L.P. - Fort Worth, TX
12:15 pm

Break for Buffet Lunch

Included in conference registration fee.
Friday Afternoon, Mar. 23, 2012
Presiding Officer:
Hon. Penelope Graves Redington, Texas Association of Regional Councils - Austin, TX
Luncheon Presentation
12:30 pm

0.75 hr

Ask the Experts

Panelists:
William S. Dahlstrom, Jackson Walker, L.L.P. - Dallas, TX
Panelists:
James L. Dougherty Jr., Attorney at Law - Houston, TX
Panelists:
E. Allen Taylor Jr., Taylor, Olson, Adkins, Sralla & Elam, L.L.P. - Fort Worth, TX
Panelists:
Reid C. Wilson, Wilson, Cribbs & Goren, P.C. - Houston, TX
1:15 pm

Break
1:30 pm

0.75 hr

Water Supply: Dealing with Drought and Limited Supplies

Droughts and institutional regulations coupled with population/customer growth places greater demands on limited water supplies. This session examines the interrelationships of these parameters and possible water resource management alternatives.

Donald Rauschuber, DGRA, Inc. - Georgetown, TX
Randall Bryan Wilburn, Randall Wilburn Law - Austin, TX
2:15 pm

1.00 hr ethics

Ethics Jeopardy

Ethical issues presented in a popular game show format.

Claude E. Ducloux, Hill, Ducloux, Carnes & de la Garza - Austin, TX
3:15 pm

Adjourn

Download Schedule

Conference Faculty

David M. Adelman

AREA Real Estate, LLC
San Antonio, TX

Arthur J. Anderson

Winstead PC
Dallas, TX

Alan J. Bojorquez

Bojorquez Law Firm, PLLC
Austin, TX

Robert F. Brown

Brown & Hofmeister, L.L.P.
Richardson, TX

William S. Dahlstrom

Jackson Walker, L.L.P.
Dallas, TX

Lowell F. Denton

Denton, Navarro, Rocha & Bernal, P.C.
San Antonio, TX

Douglas R. Dierking

University of Texas McCombs School of Business
Austin, TX

James L. Dougherty Jr.

Attorney at Law
Houston, TX

Claude E. Ducloux

Hill, Ducloux, Carnes & de la Garza
Austin, TX

Julie Y. Fort

McKamie Krueger, LLP
Richardson, TX

Peter Brooke Haskel

Dallas City Attorney
Dallas, TX

John J. Hightower

Olson Olson LLP
Houston, TX

Scott N. Houston

Texas Municipal League
Austin, TX

Rob Killen

Kaufman & Killen
San Antonio, TX

Melissa Deann Lindelow

Shupe Ventura Lindelow & Olson, PLLC
Fort Worth, TX

Kevin J. Maguire

Strasburger & Price, LLP
Dallas, TX

Dan Markson

The NRP Group LLC
San Antonio, TX

William Andrew Messer

Messer Campbell & Brady
Frisco, TX

Kimberley Mickelson

Olson Olson LLP
Houston, TX

Terry E. Mitchell

Momark Development LLC
Austin, TX

Theresa O'Donnell

City of Dallas
Dallas, TX

Dorothy Palumbo

of Counsel to Bojorquez Law Firm, PLLC
Highland Village, TX

Robert Paterson

The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture
Austin, TX

E. Scott Polikov

Gateway Planning Group, Inc.
Fort Worth, TX

Donald Rauschuber

DGRA, Inc.
Georgetown, TX

Ned Bennett Sandlin

Texas Municipal League
Austin, TX

Peter Gardner Smith

Nichols, Jackson, Dillard, Hager & Smith L.L.P.
Dallas, TX

Christopher M. Stewart

Stewart Planning Consulting, LLC
Austin, TX

E. Allen Taylor Jr.

Taylor, Olson, Adkins, Sralla & Elam, L.L.P.
Fort Worth, TX

Misty M. Ventura

Shupe Ventura Lindelow & Olson, PLLC
Dallas, TX

Terrence S. Welch

Brown & Hofmeister, L.L.P.
Richardson, TX

Randall Bryan Wilburn

Randall Wilburn Law
Austin, TX

Reid C. Wilson

Wilson, Cribbs & Goren, P.C.
Houston, TX

Charles E. Zech

Denton, Navarro, Rocha & Bernal, P.C.
San Antonio, TX

Planning Committee

Kimberley Mickelson—Co-Chair

Olson Olson LLP
Houston, TX

E. Allen Taylor Jr.—Co-Chair

Taylor, Olson, Adkins, Sralla & Elam, L.L.P.
Fort Worth, TX

Terrence S. Welch—Co-Chair

Brown & Hofmeister, L.L.P.
Richardson, TX

David M. Adelman

AREA Real Estate, LLC
San Antonio, TX

Arthur J. Anderson

Winstead PC
Dallas, TX

Alan J. Bojorquez

Bojorquez Law Firm, PLLC
Austin, TX

Barbara A. Boulware-Wells

Akers & Boulware-Wells, LLP
Austin, TX

William S. Dahlstrom

Jackson Walker, L.L.P.
Dallas, TX

William D. Darling

Strasburger & Price, LLP
Austin, TX

James L. Dougherty Jr.

Attorney at Law
Houston, TX

Michael J. Esposito

The University of Texas School of Law
Austin, TX

Julie Y. Fort

McKamie Krueger, LLP
Richardson, TX

David Hartman

Smith, Robertson, Elliott, Glen, Klein & Douglas, L.L.P.
Austin, TX

Scott N. Houston

Texas Municipal League
Austin, TX

Jeffrey Steven Howard

McLean & Howard, L.L.P.
Austin, TX

Lynne B. Humphries

Allen Boone Humphries Robinson LLP
Houston, TX

Rob Killen

Kaufman & Killen
San Antonio, TX

Dan Markson

The NRP Group LLC
San Antonio, TX

Dorothy Palumbo

of Counsel to Bojorquez Law Firm, PLLC
Highland Village, TX

E. Scott Polikov

Gateway Planning Group, Inc.
Fort Worth, TX

Hon. Penelope Graves Redington

Texas Association of Regional Councils
Austin, TX

Rebecca Jo C. Reser

Davidson & Troilo
San Antonio, TX

Peter Gardner Smith

Nichols, Jackson, Dillard, Hager & Smith L.L.P.
Dallas, TX

Rick Triplett

Graves Dougherty Hearon & Moody, PC
Austin, TX

Misty M. Ventura

Shupe Ventura Lindelow & Olson, PLLC
Dallas, TX

Ed Walts

The University of Texas System
Austin, TX

Reid C. Wilson

Wilson, Cribbs & Goren, P.C.
Houston, TX

Charles E. Zech

Denton, Navarro, Rocha & Bernal, P.C.
San Antonio, TX

Credit Info

Austin

MCLE Credit

Texas – 17.00 hrs | 2.25 hrs Ethics
Legal Specialization(s): Administrative Law, Real Estate Law

You may claim your credit online in Your Briefcase, and UT Law CLE will report credit on your behalf to the State Bar of Texas. A Certificate of Attendance will be provided in Your Briefcase for your records. The system reports Texas CLE credit every Tuesday. If you are claiming credit in the last week of your birth month, self-report your CLE credit directly to the State Bar of Texas at texasbar.com, using the course number provided on your certificate of attendance.

California – 17.00 hrs | 2.25 hrs Ethics

You must claim your credit online in Your Briefcase, and will then be provided a Certificate of Attendance for your records. UT Law CLE is required to provide the State Bar with electronic attendance records for any MCLE participatory activity within 60 days of completion of the activity. The California licensee is responsible for reporting their compliance/credit hours earned to the State Bar at the end of their reporting period directly to the State Bar of California at calbar.ca.gov. UT Law CLE will maintain Attendance Records for four years.

Other Credit

Registered Landman (AAPL) – 17.00 hrs | 2.25 hrs Ethics

Following the conference, UT CLE will send, to attendees who have claimed AAPL credit in their briefcase, by email the AAPL Affidavit of Attendance with the AAPL course number and reporting information included.
http://www.landman.org

TX Accounting CPE – 20.00 hrs

The University of Texas School of Law (Provider #250) live conferences are presumptively approved by The Texas State Board of Public Accountancy for Texas Accounting CPE credit based on a 50-minute credit hour. Approved for general CPE credit only.

At the conference, you are welcome to sign in on the Accounting CPE Record of Attendance form at the registration desk, but we are now reporting all credit online. You will receive a Texas Accounting Certificate of Completion in Your Briefcase. Self-report your CPE credit directly to TSBPA. UT Law CLE will maintain Attendance Records for four years.

Contact us at accreditation@utcle.org if you have additional questions.

TX Appraiser (ACE) – 13.25 hrs

UT Law CLE will report your ACE credits to TALCB within 10 days of the conference, using the activity code listed. For more information, visit: https://www.talcb.texas.gov/

TX Real Estate Commission (TREC) – 9.00 hrs

To request continuing education elective credit for real estate related courses approved by the State Bar of Texas for minimum continuing legal education participatory credit, a license holder is required to file an Individual Credit Request for State Bar Course.

https://www.trec.texas.gov/sites/default/files/pdf-forms/CE_CLE-1%2004.10.23.pdf
Use this link to obtain the TREC MCE form for self-reporting your TREC credit. To obtain your Certificate of Attendance you will need to claim credit in your UTCLE account and once claimed you will be able to download a Certificate of Attendance to include with your credit request form.

Key Dates

Austin – Mar 21*, 22-23, 2012 – AT&T Conference Center

*optional Wed Afternoon session

Conference Concluded

Buy

Austin

Standard Registration
Last day for $520.00 Regular pricing: Mar 16, 2012

$570.00 for registrations received after this time

Green Registration - USB Key ONLY
Last day for $475.00 Regular pricing: Mar 16, 2012

$525.00 for registrations received after this time

Last day for cancellation (full refund): Mar 16, 2012

$50 processing fee applied after this date

Last day for cancellation: Mar 19, 2012

Venue

AT&T Conference Center

The University of Texas at Austin
1900 University Avenue
Austin, TX
877.744.8822 (reservations)
Map

Accommodations

$159.00 good through Feb 17, 2012

Parking Information

Free daily self-parking at UT garages. Separate fees apply for valet and overnight parking.

Our Sponsors

Thank you to our sponsors! Click each logo below to learn more.

2012

Land Use Planning

Austin Mar 21*, 22-23, 2012 AT&T Conference Center *optional Wed Afternoon session Conference Concluded

Buy

Related products: Materials

Overview

Event Schedule

Wednesday Afternoon, Mar. 21, 2012

Thursday Morning, Mar. 22, 2012

Thursday Afternoon, Mar. 22, 2012

Friday Morning, Mar. 23, 2012

Friday Afternoon, Mar. 23, 2012

Conference Faculty

David M. Adelman

Arthur J. Anderson

Alan J. Bojorquez

Robert F. Brown

William S. Dahlstrom

Lowell F. Denton

Douglas R. Dierking

James L. Dougherty Jr.

Claude E. Ducloux

Julie Y. Fort

Peter Brooke Haskel

John J. Hightower

Scott N. Houston

Rob Killen

Melissa Deann Lindelow

Kevin J. Maguire

Dan Markson

William Andrew Messer

Kimberley Mickelson

Terry E. Mitchell

Theresa O'Donnell

Dorothy Palumbo

Robert Paterson

E. Scott Polikov

Donald Rauschuber

Ned Bennett Sandlin

Peter Gardner Smith

Christopher M. Stewart

E. Allen Taylor Jr.

Misty M. Ventura

Terrence S. Welch

Randall Bryan Wilburn

Reid C. Wilson

Charles E. Zech

Planning Committee

Kimberley Mickelson—Co-Chair

E. Allen Taylor Jr.—Co-Chair

Terrence S. Welch—Co-Chair

David M. Adelman

Arthur J. Anderson

Alan J. Bojorquez

Barbara A. Boulware-Wells

William S. Dahlstrom

William D. Darling

James L. Dougherty Jr.

Michael J. Esposito

Julie Y. Fort

David Hartman

Scott N. Houston

Jeffrey Steven Howard

Lynne B. Humphries

Rob Killen

Dan Markson

Dorothy Palumbo

E. Scott Polikov

Hon. Penelope Graves Redington

Rebecca Jo C. Reser

Peter Gardner Smith

Rick Triplett

Misty M. Ventura

Ed Walts

Reid C. Wilson

Charles E. Zech

Credit Info

MCLE Credit

Other Credit

Key Dates

Austin Mar 21, 22-23, 2012 AT&T Conference Center
optional Wed Afternoon session
Conference Concluded